What does normalization in database management primarily aim to remove?

Normalization in database management primarily aims to remove duplicated data elements. The process of normalization involves organizing the database structure to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. By ensuring that each piece of data is stored in only one location, normalization minimizes the chances of inconsistencies and anomalies that can arise when the same piece of information is stored in multiple places.

Through various normal forms—such as first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), and third normal form (3NF)—the technique establishes rules for how data should be structured to eliminate duplicate data across tables, ensuring that each table focuses on a single subject or entity. This not only optimizes storage but also enhances the efficiency of database operations, such as querying and updating data.

The other options presented do not align with the primary goal of normalization. Transactional data is essential for operations and is not something normalization seeks to remove. Unsecured data points pertain to security concerns, which is not an aspect of the normalization process. Similarly, user access logs are important for security auditing and management, and are not addressed through normalization.